第201号−21− これで各構成要素の機能と関係性が明瞭になったと思う。パーツがすべて揃えば、組み立ての作業はとても楽しいものとなる。ここに機械工学分野の翻訳の面白味がある。以下に訳例を2つ掲載する。訳例1(構成要素全列挙型)1.A fertilizer spreader, comprising:a machine body (F) that travels in a self-propelled manner or a towed manner;an impeller case (C) that accommodates an impeller (4) that rotates about an axial line extending vertically, the impeller case (C) being vertically mounted on the machine body (F);a hopper (H) having an inner space portion in which an agitator (5) that rotates about the axial line extending in the vertical direction is mounted, the hopper (H) being vertically mounted on the machine body (F) such that the hopper (H) is positioned above the impeller case (C);a clutch (K) that is switchable between transmission and non-transmission modes;a central driving shaft (2) coupled to a rotation shaft (20) of the agitator (5) in the hopper (H) via the clutch (K), the central driving shaft (2) being installed in the machine body (F) in a pivoting manner such that an upper end portion of the central driving shaft (2) extends into the hopper (H);an outer cylindrical shaft (3) coupled to a shaft core portion of the impeller (4) in the impeller case (C), the shaft core portion being tted to an outer periphery of a lower end portion of the central driving shaft (2), the outer cylindrical shaft (3) being installed in the machine body (F) in a pivoting manner;transmission mechanisms (d1, d2); andan input shaft (1) coupled to the central driving shaft (2) and the outer cylindrical shaft (3) via the respective transmission mechanisms (d1, d2) to drive the impeller (4) and the agitator (5) to rotate at dierent rotational speeds. 上記訳例1は知的財産翻訳協会の解答参考例に筆者が若干の編集を加えたものである。本稿で見てきた構成要素(羽根車4の軸芯部を除く)をすべて列挙したものである。訳例2(構成要素部分列挙+wherein節型)1.A fertilizer spreader, comprising:a machine body (F) that travels in a self-propelled manner or a towed manner;an impeller case (C) that accommodates an impeller (4) that rotates about an axial line extending vertically, the impeller case (C) being vertically mounted on the machine body (F); anda hopper (H) having an inner space portion in which an agitator (5) that rotates about the axial line extending in the vertical direction is mounted, the hopper (H) being vertically mounted on the machine body (F) such that the hopper (H) is positioned above the impeller case (C),wherein a rotation shaft (20) of the agitator (5) in the hopper (H) is coupled to a central driving shaft (2) via a clutch (K) that is switchable between transmission and non-transmission modes, the central driving shaft (2) being installed in the machine body (F) in a pivoting manner such that an upper end portion of the central driving shaft (2) extends into the hopper (H),wherein a shaft core portion of the impeller (4) in the impeller case (C) is tted to an outer periphery of a lower end portion of the central driving shaft (2) and coupled to an outer cylindrical shaft (3) installed in the machine body (F) in a pivoting manner, andwherein the central driving shaft (2) and the outer cylindrical shaft (3) are coupled to an input shaft (1) via respective transmission mechanisms (d1, d2) to drive the impeller (4) and the agitator (5) to rotate at different rotational speeds. 上記訳例2は合格者訳を参考にしながら、訳例1を組み替えたものである。機体F、羽根車ケースC、ホッパーHの3つのみを構成要素として列挙し、あとはwherein節を用いることにより、原文により近い構成となっている。 米国の特許出願では、限定を避けるために独立クレームにおいてwherein節を使用しない方がよいという声もあるが、米国特許の独立クレームにおいてwherein節が使用されているのをよく見かける。最終的にはクライアントまたは現地代理人の意向に沿ってスタイルを選択するとよいであろう。3さいごに これまで3か月にわたって昨年の機械工学分野1級の問題を解説してきた。今年受験される方々の健闘を祈りたい。<参考資料>*米国特許翻訳社, Patent Terminology~特許用語解説~第13回:「物語風」クレーム(narrative claim language)について(最終閲覧日:2022年3月5日)http://beikokupat.com/blog1/beikokupatnews/p-terminology13/
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